P-15 (Osteogenic Peptide)
A 15-amino-acid collagen-derived cell-binding peptide used to coat bone graft materials in dental and periodontal regeneration.
Overview
P-15 is a synthetic 15-amino-acid peptide corresponding to a cell-binding domain of the alpha-1 chain of type I collagen. It is not administered as a systemic research drug; its documented application is as a surface coating on anorganic bone mineral used in dental and periodontal grafting, where it has been evaluated clinically.
Mechanism
The peptide reproduces an integrin-binding motif of native collagen that promotes attachment and spreading of osteogenic cells, such as periodontal ligament fibroblasts and osteoblasts, on the graft surface. The intended outcome is improved early bone formation and periodontal regeneration around the graft material.
Expected Effects
- Used as a component of commercial bone-graft materials evaluated in periodontal and implant surgery
- Clinical and preclinical reports describe improved defect fill and osteogenesis relative to uncoated mineral grafts
- Mechanistically considered a cell-binding peptide rather than a growth-factor mimic
Side Effects & Tolerability
As an implanted graft component, its safety profile is tied to the carrier material and surgical procedure. Adverse events reported in dental surgery are generally those of grafting itself, such as swelling, pain, and infection, rather than systemic peptide effects.
Storage
Handled as a medical or dental material per manufacturer instructions, typically protected from moisture. For laboratory use as lyophilized peptide, standard cold, desiccated storage applies.